Bacterial cross-contamination is most likely to happen when raw food touches or drips onto ready-to-eat food, utensils or surfaces. You can avoid it by:

Preparing food hygienically 

• use different utensils, plates and chopping boards for raw and cooked food
• wash utensils, plates and chopping boards for raw and cooked food thoroughly between tasks
• make sure you do not wash raw meat
• wash your hands after touching raw food and before you handle ready-to-eat food 

Storing food effectively 

• cover raw food, including meat, and keeping it separate from ready-to-eat food
• use any dish that has a lip to prevent spillages
• store covered raw meat, poultry, fish and shellfish on the bottom shelf of your fridge
• use different utensils, plates and chopping boards for raw and cooked food

Using shopping bags safely 

• make sure you take enough shopping bags to pack raw and ready-to-eat food separately
• take extra bags to pack cleaning products and other household items separately from food
• label or colour code your bags to show what you intend to use them for
• check your bags for spillages after every use. If there has been visible spillage, soiling or damage, plastic bags for life should ideally be used for another purpose (where no safety risk will occur) or replaced
• consider using cotton/fabric bags for life as they can be put in the washing machine and cleaned
• replace old plastic bags
• keep raw and ready to eat foods separate in your shopping trolley or basket

Cross-contamination is what happens when bacteria or other microorganisms are unintentionally transferred from one object to another. The most common example is the transfer of bacteria between raw and cooked food.

This is thought to be the cause of most food-borne infections. For example, when you’re preparing raw chicken, bacteria can spread to your chopping board, knife and hands and could cause food poisoning.

Cross-contamination can also happen when bacteria is transferred in ways that are harder to see. For example, via reusable shopping bags, or in the drips and splashes produced when meat is washed which can contaminate other surfaces.