Eating well, exercising and looking after your mental wellbeing can help with symptoms during perimenopause and menopause. It can also help you keep as well as possible in the future.

Do

• get plenty of rest, including keeping to regular sleep routines
• eat a healthy diet
• have calcium-rich food like milk, yoghurt and kale to keep bones healthy
• exercise regularly, try including weight-bearing activities where your feet and legs support your weight like walking, running or dancing
• do relaxing things like yoga, tai chi or meditation
• talk to other people going through the same thing, like family, friends or colleagues
• talk to a doctor before taking herbal supplements or complementary medicines

Don’t

• do not smoke
• do not drink more than the recommended alcohol limit

How to ease mood changes

It's common to have mood swings, low mood and anxiety around the time of the menopause and perimenopause.

You can try to:

• get plenty of rest
• exercise regularly
• do relaxing activities

Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a type of talking therapy that can help with a low mood and feelings of anxiety. It can also help with sleep problems.

How to ease hot flushes and night sweats

You can:

• wear light clothing
• keep your bedroom cool at night
• take a cool shower, use a fan or have a cold drink
• try to reduce your stress level
• avoid or reduce potential triggers, such as spicy food, caffeine, hot drinks, smoking and alcohol
• exercise regularly
• lose weight if you're overweight

CBT can also help manage hot flushes.

How to ease vaginal dryness

There are vaginal moisturisers or lubricants you can get without a prescription at a pharmacy. You can talk to a pharmacist in private if you'd like help to decide which moisturiser is right for you.

There are other treatments for vaginal dryness that a doctor can prescribe, such as HRT (hormone replacement therapy) or hormonal treatment (creams, pessaries, gel or vaginal rings).

Protecting against weak bones

You can try to:

• exercise regularly, including weight-bearing exercises, where your feet and legs support your weight (like walking, running or dancing) and resistance exercises (for example, using weights)
• eat a healthy diet that includes plenty of fruit, vegetables and sources of calcium, such as milk, yoghurt and kale
• get some sunlight on your skin as this triggers the production of vitamin D, which can help keep your bones healthy
• take vitamin D supplements
• stop smoking and cut down on alcohol

Taking HRT can reduce the risk of osteoporosis.