Different types of cancer have different symptoms. These symptoms can be caused by things other than cancer.

It can be difficult to know whether a symptom is important or not. You may worry that you are wasting your GP's time. Or you might feel embarrassed or anxious talking about it.

But if you notice a change in how you feel or how your body works, it is safer to get it checked. A change does not usually mean you have cancer, but it could be something that needs treatment. It is a good idea to get it checked by your GP.

If it is cancer, the earlier it is found, the more likely it is to be cured. If it is nothing serious, your GP can reassure you.

Some symptoms are difficult to talk about, for example a lump on your testicle or vaginal bleeding. But even if it's embarrassing, it is important to get checked.

If you need support or just want someone to talk to, call Macmillan free on 0808 808 00 00.

How to recognise the symptoms of cancer

Ongoing symptoms

This means a symptom that lasts for more than 3 weeks.

Unexplained symptoms

This means a symptom that has no obvious cause. For example, finding a new lump or bleeding when you have not hurt yourself.

Symptoms that are unusual for you

This means a change in your body that is not normal for you. It could be a change in a cough you have had for a long time, or a change to a mole.

Symptoms to watch for

If you have any of the symptoms listed here, tell your GP. You are not wasting their time and it is important to get these symptoms checked.

General symptoms

• Unexplained bleeding or bruising
• Lumps or swellings
• Pain
• Severe tiredness (fatigue)
• Fevers or infections
• Weight loss

Symptoms that affect how you eat

• Loss of appetite
• Swallowing or chewing problems
• Indigestion and heartburt

Bladder and bowel symptoms

• Swollen tummy
• Bowel changes
• Problems peeing

Symptoms that affect your speech or breathing

• Coughs or breathlessness
• Hoarse voice

Symptoms that affect your skin

• Moles and skin changes
• A sore that does not heal

Symptoms in other parts of the body

• Breast, chest or nipple changes
• Headaches
• Penis and testicle problems
• Vulva and vagina problems

Tips for talking to your doctor, nurse or GP practice

Deciding to go to your GP is a great first step. The tips below may help you get the most out of your appointment.

Making your appointment

When you make your appointment, tell the receptionist about any extra needs you have. For example, tell them if you need help getting to the appointment or if you need an interpreter. You can also take someone with you to the appointment for support if you want to.

Prepare what you want to say

Before your appointment, think about what you want to tell your GP. You may want to write down some of these details:

• What is the symptom or change?
• When did it start?
• Does it follow a pattern?
• Does anything make it better or worse?
• How does it affect your day-to-day life?

You might find it helpful to take your notes with you to the appointment.

Talk and listen

When you talk to your GP, explain why you are there. Use your notes if you prepared any, and explain the symptoms in your own words.

Your GP will listen and ask questions. Answer as honestly as you can and try not to be embarrassed. Your GP often has conversations like this, and they are there to help.

Ask your GP any questions you have. Tell them if you need more information. If you do not understand something, ask them to explain it again. It can be useful to write down the answers, or make notes on your phone.

Know what will happen next

It is important that you know what will happen next. This might include:

• When you should make another appointment with your GP
• Where and when to expect an appointment with a specialist doctor or for a test
• Who to contact if you need information or more support.

Repeat it back

Before you leave the appointment, repeat what you understand back to your GP. This lets them correct any mistakes or explain anything you are confused about.

After your appointment

If there is anything you are not sure of, you can call your GP surgery and ask for advice. Often symptoms are nothing to worry about. But if unexplained symptoms come back or do not get better, talk to your GP again.